Tilo15
/
Statum


			
				
					
						
						
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							/*!
 * Statum - client-side state library.
 *
 * An HTMX-inspired state layer. The library manages signed "snapshots" of
 * application state (one per slot type), keeps them fresh via the server's
 * `transmit_after` / `invalid_after` timestamps, and binds them to the DOM
 * through `stm-*` attributes. See model.md for the full specification.
 *
 * Distribution: a single IIFE that attaches `window.statum` (no dependencies,
 * no build step). Targets modern evergreen browsers (uses fetch,
 * BroadcastChannel, queueMicrotask, URLSearchParams, FormData).
 */
(function () {
  'use strict';

  /** Content-Type used by every Statum directive response. */
  var STATUM_CONTENT_TYPE = 'application/vnd.statum+json';
  /** Request/response header carrying one slot's reference (or base64 frame). */
  var SLOT_HEADER = 'X-Statum-Slot';
  /** Request header carrying an action's opaque `private` blob. */
  var PRIVATE_HEADER = 'X-Statum-Private';
  /** Session-cookie marker used to detect a fresh browser session. */
  var SESSION_COOKIE = '_statum_sdc';
  /** BroadcastChannel name used to sync session/device state across tabs. */
  var CHANNEL_NAME = 'statum';
  /** localStorage / sessionStorage key prefix for persisted frames. */
  var STORAGE_PREFIX = 'statum:';

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Configuration
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Endpoint URLs. These defaults may be overridden per-page with the
   * `stm-entrypoint` and `stm-slots` attributes on the `<body>` element.
   *
   * @type {{entrypointUrl: string, slotsUrl: string}}
   */
  var config = {
    entrypointUrl: '/_statum/entrypoint',
    slotsUrl: '/_statum/slots'
  };

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // State store
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * In-memory store, keyed by slot type. Each value is `{frame, snapshot}`
   * where `snapshot` is the parsed `frame.content`. This map is the single
   * source of truth for rendering; persistent backends merely hydrate it.
   *
   * @type {Map<string, {frame: object, snapshot: object}>}
   */
  var store = new Map();

  /** Listeners, keyed by type name. @type {Map<string, Set<Function>>} */
  var listeners = new Map();

  /** @type {BroadcastChannel|null} */
  var channel = null;

  /** Whether {@link init} has already run. */
  var initialized = false;

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Small utilities
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Parse an ISO 8601 timestamp to epoch millis, or `undefined`.
   * @param {string|undefined} s
   * @returns {number|undefined}
   */
  function parseTime(s) {
    if (!s) return undefined;
    var t = new Date(s).getTime();
    return isNaN(t) ? undefined : t;
  }

  /**
   * Base64-encode a UTF-8 string (safe for frames containing non-Latin1 data).
   * @param {string} str
   * @returns {string}
   */
  function b64encode(str) {
    var bytes = new TextEncoder().encode(str);
    var bin = '';
    var chunk = 0x8000;
    for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += chunk) {
      bin += String.fromCharCode.apply(null, bytes.subarray(i, i + chunk));
    }
    return btoa(bin);
  }

  /** Read a cookie value, or `null` if absent. @param {string} name */
  function getCookie(name) {
    var escaped = name.replace(/([.$?*|{}()[\]\\/+^])/g, '\\$1');
    var match = document.cookie.match(new RegExp('(?:^|; )' + escaped + '=([^;]*)'));
    return match ? decodeURIComponent(match[1]) : null;
  }

  /** Set a session cookie (no expiry => cleared when the browser closes). */
  function setCookie(name, value) {
    document.cookie = name + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value) + '; path=/; SameSite=Lax';
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Expression evaluation
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Compiled-expression cache. Expressions are evaluated as JavaScript against
   * a scope object (the page's HTML is trusted, per the model).
   * @type {Map<string, Function>}
   */
  var exprCache = new Map();

  /**
   * Compile (and cache) an expression string into a function of `scope`.
   * Uses `with` so that arbitrary type names and loop variables are resolved
   * as bare identifiers. Returns a function that yields `undefined` on any
   * runtime or compile error.
   * @param {string} expr
   * @returns {Function}
   */
  function compileExpr(expr) {
    var cached = exprCache.get(expr);
    if (cached !== undefined) return cached;
    var fn;
    try {
      // Function-constructor bodies are non-strict by default, so `with` is
      // permitted. The inner try/catch turns reference errors into `undefined`
      // so a missing path simply yields no value.
      fn = new Function('scope', 'with(scope){try{return (' + expr + ');}catch(e){return undefined;}}');
    } catch (e) {
      fn = function () { return undefined; };
    }
    exprCache.set(expr, fn);
    return fn;
  }

  /**
   * Evaluate an expression against a scope.
   * @param {string} expr
   * @param {object} [scope]
   * @returns {*} `undefined` if the expression is empty or fails.
   */
  function evalExpr(expr, scope) {
    if (expr == null || expr === '') return undefined;
    try {
      return compileExpr(expr)(scope || {});
    } catch (e) {
      return undefined;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Build a child scope that inherits the parent (so type bindings remain
   * visible) and adds one own loop variable.
   * @param {object} parent
   * @param {string} name
   * @param {*} value
   * @returns {object}
   */
  function childScope(parent, name, value) {
    var scope = Object.create(parent || null);
    scope[name] = value;
    return scope;
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // StatumError
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Error type thrown for HTTP failures and `error` directives.
   * @param {string} [message]
   * @param {string} [code]
   * @param {object} [data]
   */
  function StatumError(message, code, data) {
    this.name = 'StatumError';
    this.message = message || '';
    this.code = code || undefined;
    this.data = data || undefined;
  }
  StatumError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype);

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Persistence
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Pick the storage backend for a scope.
   * @param {string} scope
   * @returns {Storage|null} `null` for in-memory scopes.
   */
  function storageFor(scope) {
    if (scope === 'device' || scope === 'session') return localStorage;
    if (scope === 'flow') return sessionStorage;
    return null; // page / transient
  }

  /**
   * Persist a slot's frame to the backend matching its scope, removing any
   * stale copy from the other backend first (in case the scope changed).
   * @param {string} type
   * @param {{frame: object, snapshot: object}} entry
   */
  function persistEntry(type, entry) {
    var scope = entry.snapshot.slot && entry.snapshot.slot.scope;
    removePersisted(type);
    var storage = storageFor(scope);
    if (!storage) return;
    try {
      storage.setItem(STORAGE_PREFIX + type, JSON.stringify(entry.frame));
    } catch (e) {
      /* storage full or unavailable; remain in-memory only */
    }
  }

  /** Remove a persisted frame from both backends. @param {string} type */
  function removePersisted(type) {
    try { localStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_PREFIX + type); } catch (e) {}
    try { sessionStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_PREFIX + type); } catch (e) {}
  }

  /** Load every persisted frame from a backend into the in-memory store. */
  function loadFrom(storage) {
    for (var i = 0; i < storage.length; i++) {
      var key = storage.key(i);
      if (!key || key.indexOf(STORAGE_PREFIX) !== 0) continue;
      try {
        var frame = JSON.parse(storage.getItem(key));
        var snapshot = JSON.parse(frame.content);
        var type = snapshot.slot && snapshot.slot.type;
        if (type && !store.has(type)) store.set(type, { frame: frame, snapshot: snapshot });
      } catch (e) {
        /* corrupt entry: ignore */
      }
    }
  }

  /** Hydrate the store from localStorage and sessionStorage. */
  function hydrate() {
    try { loadFrom(localStorage); } catch (e) {}
    try { loadFrom(sessionStorage); } catch (e) {}
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Session-cookie initialization
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Detect a fresh browser session using the `_statum_sdc` session cookie.
   * On a fresh session, clear all `session`-scoped persisted frames, then set
   * the marker. Session cookies are shared across tabs, so a tab opened
   * mid-session sees the marker and leaves session data intact.
   */
  function initSession() {
    if (getCookie(SESSION_COOKIE) !== null) return;
    clearSessionSlotsFromStorage();
    setCookie(SESSION_COOKIE, '1');
  }

  /** Remove all `session`-scoped frames from localStorage. */
  function clearSessionSlotsFromStorage() {
    var toRemove = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < localStorage.length; i++) {
      var key = localStorage.key(i);
      if (!key || key.indexOf(STORAGE_PREFIX) !== 0) continue;
      try {
        var frame = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(key));
        var snapshot = JSON.parse(frame.content);
        if (snapshot.slot && snapshot.slot.scope === 'session') toRemove.push(key);
      } catch (e) {}
    }
    for (var j = 0; j < toRemove.length; j++) localStorage.removeItem(toRemove[j]);
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Listeners & cross-tab broadcast
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Fire all listeners for a type.
   * @param {string} type
   * @param {object|null} frame
   * @param {object|null} snapshot
   */
  function notify(type, frame, snapshot) {
    var set = listeners.get(type);
    if (!set) return;
    var event = { type: type, frame: frame, snapshot: snapshot };
    set.forEach(function (cb) {
      try { cb(event); } catch (e) { console.error('[statum] listener error', e); }
    });
  }

  /**
   * Broadcast a state change to other tabs. Only `session`/`device` scopes are
   * shared (flow/page/transient are per-tab).
   * @param {object} message
   * @param {string} [scope]
   */
  function broadcast(message, scope) {
    if (!channel) return;
    if (scope !== 'session' && scope !== 'device') return;
    try { channel.postMessage(message); } catch (e) {}
  }

  /** Open the BroadcastChannel and wire inbound messages. */
  function setupChannel() {
    if (typeof BroadcastChannel === 'undefined') return;
    try {
      channel = new BroadcastChannel(CHANNEL_NAME);
    } catch (e) {
      channel = null;
      return;
    }
    channel.onmessage = function (ev) {
      var msg = ev.data;
      if (!msg || msg.kind !== 'set' && msg.kind !== 'clear') return;
      if (msg.kind === 'set' && msg.frame) {
        try {
          var snapshot = JSON.parse(msg.frame.content);
          var type = snapshot.slot && snapshot.slot.type;
          if (type) {
            var entry = { frame: msg.frame, snapshot: snapshot };
            store.set(type, entry);
            persistEntry(type, entry);
            notify(type, msg.frame, snapshot);
            renderAll();
          }
        } catch (e) { /* ignore malformed */ }
      } else if (msg.kind === 'clear' && msg.type) {
        clearType(msg.type, { broadcast: false });
        renderAll();
      }
    };
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // State mutation
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Remove a type from the store, un-persist it, fire listeners, and
   * (optionally) broadcast the clear to other tabs.
   * @param {string} type
   * @param {{broadcast?: boolean}} [opts]
   */
  function clearType(type, opts) {
    var entry = store.get(type);
    if (!entry) return;
    var scope = entry.snapshot.slot && entry.snapshot.slot.scope;
    store.delete(type);
    removePersisted(type);
    notify(type, null, null);
    if (opts && opts.broadcast) broadcast({ kind: 'clear', type: type }, scope);
  }

  /**
   * Apply a `set` directive: store/refresh a slot's snapshot.
   * @param {object} directive `{ snapshot_frame }`
   */
  function applySet(directive) {
    var frame = directive.snapshot_frame;
    if (!frame || !frame.content) return;
    var snapshot;
    try { snapshot = JSON.parse(frame.content); } catch (e) { return; }
    var type = snapshot.slot && snapshot.slot.type;
    if (!type) return;
    var entry = { frame: frame, snapshot: snapshot };
    store.set(type, entry);
    persistEntry(type, entry);
    notify(type, frame, snapshot);
    var scope = snapshot.slot && snapshot.slot.scope;
    broadcast({ kind: 'set', frame: frame }, scope);
  }

  /**
   * Apply a `clear` directive. The directive carries a slot key, so the type
   * holding that key is resolved and removed.
   * @param {object} directive `{ key }`
   */
  function applyClear(directive) {
    var key = directive.key;
    var typeToRemove = null;
    store.forEach(function (entry, type) {
      if (entry.snapshot.slot && entry.snapshot.slot.key === key) typeToRemove = type;
    });
    if (typeToRemove) clearType(typeToRemove, { broadcast: true });
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Snapshot freshness & request headers
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Categorize a held snapshot relative to the current time.
   * @returns {'silent'|'always'|'invalid'|'stale'|'fresh'}
   *   - `silent`: unidirectional (`transmit_after` undefined) - never sent.
   *   - `always`: `transmit_after === as_at` - send the base64 frame each time.
   *   - `invalid`: past `invalid_after` - drop and refetch.
   *   - `stale`: past `transmit_after` but not yet invalid - pre-flight first.
   *   - `fresh`: still cached server-side - send the `as_at` reference.
   */
  function entryCategory(entry) {
    var snap = entry.snapshot;
    var transmit = snap.transmit_after;
    if (transmit === undefined || transmit === null) return 'silent';
    if (transmit === snap.as_at) return 'always';
    var now = Date.now();
    var invalidAt = parseTime(snap.invalid_after);
    var transmitAt = parseTime(transmit);
    if (invalidAt !== undefined && now >= invalidAt) return 'invalid';
    if (transmitAt !== undefined && now >= transmitAt) return 'stale';
    return 'fresh';
  }

  /**
   * Drop locally-invalid snapshots and pre-flight any stale ones. Pre-flighting
   * posts the stale frames to the slot endpoint and applies the returned `set`
   * directives, refreshing their `as_at` values before the real request runs.
   *
   * Single-flight: concurrent callers share one in-flight preparation.
   * @returns {Promise<void>}
   */
  var preparePromise = null;
  function prepareSlots() {
    if (preparePromise) return preparePromise;
    preparePromise = doPrepareSlots().then(function () {
      preparePromise = null;
    }, function () {
      preparePromise = null;
    });
    return preparePromise;
  }

  async function doPrepareSlots() {
    var stale = [];
    store.forEach(function (entry, type) {
      var cat = entryCategory(entry);
      if (cat === 'invalid') {
        clearType(type, { broadcast: false });
      } else if (cat === 'stale') {
        stale.push(entry.frame);
      }
    });
    if (stale.length) {
      var directives = await postSlots(stale);
      applyDirectives(directives, { originElement: null });
    }
  }

  /**
   * Build the `X-Statum-Slot` header values for every held slot, using the
   * freshness rules. Assumes {@link prepareSlots} has just run.
   * @returns {string[]}
   */
  function buildSlotHeaders() {
    var headers = [];
    store.forEach(function (entry) {
      var snap = entry.snapshot;
      var cat = entryCategory(entry);
      if (cat === 'silent' || cat === 'invalid') return;
      if (cat === 'always') {
        headers.push(b64encode(JSON.stringify(entry.frame)));
      } else {
        headers.push('key=' + snap.slot.key + '; as_at=' + snap.as_at);
      }
    });
    return headers;
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // HTTP helpers
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /** True if a response is a Statum directive response. */
  function isStatum(res) {
    return (res.headers.get('Content-Type') || '').indexOf(STATUM_CONTENT_TYPE) !== -1;
  }

  /**
   * POST an array of frames to the slot endpoint (the pre-flight target) and
   * return its directive array. This request intentionally carries no slot
   * headers (it is itself the refresh).
   * @param {object[]} frames
   * @returns {Promise<object[]>}
   */
  async function postSlots(frames) {
    var headers = new Headers();
    headers.set('Accept', STATUM_CONTENT_TYPE);
    headers.set('Content-Type', 'application/json');
    var res = await fetch(config.slotsUrl, {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: headers,
      body: JSON.stringify(frames),
      credentials: 'same-origin'
    });
    if (!isStatum(res)) return [];
    try { return await res.json(); } catch (e) { return []; }
  }

  /**
   * Apply the directives from a response. Set/clear run first, then `render`,
   * then terminal navigation (`navigate`, then `post`). Returns any error
   * directive encountered without throwing, so callers can decide.
   * @param {object[]} directives
   * @param {{originElement?: HTMLElement}} [ctx]
   * @returns {{error?: StatumError}}
   */
  function applyDirectives(directives, ctx) {
    var result = { error: undefined };
    var list = Array.isArray(directives) ? directives : [];
    var navigateDirective = null;
    var postDirective = null;

    for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
      var d = list[i];
      if (!d || typeof d !== 'object') continue;
      switch (d.type) {
        case 'set': applySet(d); break;
        case 'clear': applyClear(d); break;
        case 'error':
          result.error = new StatumError(d.message, d.code, d.data);
          if (ctx && ctx.originElement) applyErrorClasses(ctx.originElement, true);
          break;
        case 'navigate': navigateDirective = d; break;
        case 'post': postDirective = d; break;
      }
    }

    renderAll();

    if (navigateDirective) doNavigate(navigateDirective);
    if (postDirective) doPost(postDirective);
    return result;
  }

  /** Execute a `navigate` directive as a full page load. */
  function doNavigate(d) {
    if (d.uri) window.location.href = d.uri;
  }

  /** Execute a `post` directive as a real (navigating) form POST. */
  function doPost(d) {
    if (!d.uri) return;
    var form = document.createElement('form');
    form.method = 'POST';
    form.action = d.uri;
    form.style.display = 'none';
    var data = d.data || {};
    Object.keys(data).forEach(function (name) {
      var input = document.createElement('input');
      input.type = 'hidden';
      input.name = name;
      input.value = data[name] == null ? '' : String(data[name]);
      form.appendChild(input);
    });
    document.body.appendChild(form);
    form.submit();
  }

  /**
   * Handle a fetch response: if it is a Statum response, apply its directives;
   * otherwise throw on HTTP errors and no-op on other successful responses.
   * @param {Response} res
   * @param {{originElement?: HTMLElement}} [ctx]
   */
  async function handleResponse(res, ctx) {
    if (!isStatum(res)) {
      if (!res.ok) throw new StatumError('HTTP ' + res.status);
      return;
    }
    var directives;
    try { directives = await res.json(); } catch (e) { directives = []; }
    var result = applyDirectives(directives, ctx);
    if (result.error) throw result.error;
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Entrypoint & action requests
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Fetch the entrypoint for the current URL, applying its directives. Carries
   * slot headers (and pre-flights) like any other request.
   * @returns {Promise<void>}
   */
  async function loadEntrypoint() {
    await prepareSlots();
    var headers = new Headers();
    headers.set('Accept', STATUM_CONTENT_TYPE);
    buildSlotHeaders().forEach(function (v) { headers.append(SLOT_HEADER, v); });
    var url = config.entrypointUrl + '?uri=' + encodeURIComponent(window.location.href);
    var res = await fetch(url, { headers: headers, credentials: 'same-origin' });
    await handleResponse(res, { originElement: null });
  }

  /**
   * Perform an action request.
   *
   * @param {object} action `{ uri, method, private }`
   * @param {object} [data] Key/value parameters. Encoded as query string for
   *   GET/HEAD, otherwise as `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.
   * @param {HTMLElement} [originElement] Element that triggered the action, so
   *   that `stm-on-error` classes can be applied on an `error` directive.
   * @returns {Promise<void>} Resolves once the request completes and its
   *   directives have run; rejects on HTTP failure or an `error` directive.
   */
  async function performAction(action, data, originElement) {
    await prepareSlots();
    var headers = new Headers();
    headers.set('Accept', STATUM_CONTENT_TYPE);
    buildSlotHeaders().forEach(function (v) { headers.append(SLOT_HEADER, v); });
    if (action.private) headers.set(PRIVATE_HEADER, action.private);

    var method = (action.method || 'GET').toUpperCase();
    var params = data || {};
    var init = { method: method, headers: headers, credentials: 'same-origin' };
    var url = action.uri;

    if (method === 'GET' || method === 'HEAD') {
      var qs = new URLSearchParams(params).toString();
      if (qs) url += (url.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '&' : '?') + qs;
    } else {
      init.body = new URLSearchParams(params).toString();
      headers.set('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
    }

    var res = await fetch(url, init);
    await handleResponse(res, { originElement: originElement });
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Rendering: loops, conditionals, bindings
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /** Templates captured from loop holders. @type {WeakMap<Element, Element>} */
  var templates = new WeakMap();
  /** Instance nodes managed by a loop holder. @type {WeakMap<Element, Element[]>} */
  var instancesByHolder = new WeakMap();
  /** Loop instance nodes; skipped by the render walk (owned by their holder). */
  var instanceNodes = new WeakSet();
  /** Elements whose `stm-action` has been wired, to avoid double-binding. */
  var wired = new WeakSet();

  /**
   * Find a `stm-for-{name}-in` attribute on an element.
   * @returns {{varName: string, expr: string}|null}
   */
  function getStmFor(el) {
    var attrs = el.attributes;
    for (var i = 0; i < attrs.length; i++) {
      var match = attrs[i].name.match(/^stm-for-(.+)-in$/);
      if (match) return { varName: match[1], expr: attrs[i].value };
    }
    return null;
  }

  /** Remove any `stm-for-*` and `stm-key` attributes from an element. */
  function stripLoopAttrs(el) {
    var toRemove = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < el.attributes.length; i++) {
      var name = el.attributes[i].name;
      if (/^stm-for-(.+)-in$/.test(name) || name === 'stm-key') toRemove.push(name);
    }
    toRemove.forEach(function (n) { el.removeAttribute(n); });
  }

  /**
   * Evaluate an `stm-if` / `stm-else-if` / `stm-else` chain beginning at `el`,
   * showing the matching branch and hiding the rest.
   *
   * Branches are toggled with the `hidden` attribute rather than detached, so
   * every branch stays in the DOM and is re-evaluated on each render. (Detaching
   * the `stm-if` element would remove it from the render walk, leaving an
   * already-attached `stm-else` branch skipped and never refreshed.)
   * @returns {Element|null} The active branch element (or `null`).
   */
  function handleIfChain(el, scope) {
    var branches = [{ el: el, expr: el.getAttribute('stm-if') }];
    var cur = el.nextElementSibling;
    while (cur) {
      if (cur.hasAttribute('stm-else-if')) {
        branches.push({ el: cur, expr: cur.getAttribute('stm-else-if') });
        cur = cur.nextElementSibling;
      } else if (cur.hasAttribute('stm-else')) {
        branches.push({ el: cur, expr: null });
        break;
      } else {
        break;
      }
    }
    var activeEl = null;
    for (var i = 0; i < branches.length; i++) {
      var b = branches[i];
      if (b.expr === null || !!evalExpr(b.expr, scope)) { activeEl = b.el; break; }
    }
    branches.forEach(function (b) {
      if (b.el === activeEl) b.el.removeAttribute('hidden');
      else b.el.setAttribute('hidden', '');
    });
    return activeEl;
  }

  /** Toggle `stm-class.{name}` classes from their predicate expressions. */
  function handleClass(el, scope) {
    var attrs = el.attributes;
    for (var i = 0; i < attrs.length; i++) {
      var attr = attrs[i];
      if (attr.name.indexOf('stm-class.') === 0) {
        var cls = attr.name.slice('stm-class.'.length);
        if (cls && !!evalExpr(attr.value, scope)) el.classList.add(cls);
        else el.classList.remove(cls);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Bind `stm-text` / `stm-html`. Per the "leave original DOM content" policy,
   * an unresolved value (`undefined`) leaves the element untouched; otherwise
   * the value is stringified (`null` becomes the empty string).
   */
  function handleTextHtml(el, scope) {
    if (el.hasAttribute('stm-text')) {
      var text = evalExpr(el.getAttribute('stm-text'), scope);
      if (text !== undefined) el.textContent = text === null ? '' : String(text);
    }
    if (el.hasAttribute('stm-html')) {
      var html = evalExpr(el.getAttribute('stm-html'), scope);
      if (html !== undefined) el.innerHTML = html === null ? '' : String(html);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Expand a loop holder: reconcile its instances against the current array.
   * Keyed loops (`stm-key`) reuse DOM nodes for unchanged keys to preserve
   * focus/selection/input state; unkeyed loops rebuild wholesale.
   */
  function handleLoop(el, scope) {
    var info = getStmFor(el);
    if (!info) return;

    var template = templates.get(el);
    if (!template) {
      template = el.cloneNode(true);
      stripLoopAttrs(template);
      templates.set(el, template);
    }

    var raw = evalExpr(info.expr, scope);
    if (raw === undefined) {
      // No value for the source path yet: clear instances and restore the
      // server-rendered holder content (progressive enhancement).
      var prev = instancesByHolder.get(el) || [];
      prev.forEach(function (n) { n.remove(); });
      instancesByHolder.set(el, []);
      if (el.getAttribute('data-stm-active') === '1') {
        el.removeAttribute('data-stm-active');
        el.removeAttribute('hidden');
      }
      return;
    }
    var arr = Array.isArray(raw) ? raw : [];

    // Activate: hide the holder so only rendered instances are visible.
    if (el.getAttribute('data-stm-active') !== '1') {
      el.setAttribute('data-stm-active', '1');
      el.setAttribute('hidden', '');
    }

    var keyExpr = el.getAttribute('stm-key');
    var next = [];

    if (keyExpr) {
      var oldByKey = new Map();
      (instancesByHolder.get(el) || []).forEach(function (n) {
        if (n.__stmKey !== undefined) oldByKey.set(n.__stmKey, n);
      });
      var used = new Set();
      arr.forEach(function (item) {
        var child = childScope(scope, info.varName, item);
        var key = evalExpr(keyExpr, child);
        var node = (key !== undefined && !used.has(key)) ? oldByKey.get(key) : undefined;
        if (node) {
          used.add(key);
          processElement(node, child);
        } else {
          node = template.cloneNode(true);
          node.__stmKey = key;
          instanceNodes.add(node);
          processElement(node, child);
        }
        next.push(node);
      });
      oldByKey.forEach(function (n, key) { if (!used.has(key)) n.remove(); });
    } else {
      (instancesByHolder.get(el) || []).forEach(function (n) { n.remove(); });
      arr.forEach(function (item) {
        var child = childScope(scope, info.varName, item);
        var node = template.cloneNode(true);
        instanceNodes.add(node);
        processElement(node, child);
        next.push(node);
      });
    }

    // Place instances in order, immediately after the holder.
    var ref = el;
    next.forEach(function (node) {
      if (node !== ref.nextSibling) ref.parentNode.insertBefore(node, ref.nextSibling);
      ref = node;
    });
    instancesByHolder.set(el, next);
  }

  /**
   * Process one element's bindings (and recurse). Loop holders are handled by
   * {@link handleLoop}; `stm-else-if` / `stm-else` are owned by their `stm-if`.
   */
  function processElement(el, scope) {
    if (getStmFor(el)) { handleLoop(el, scope); return; }
    if (el.hasAttribute('stm-else-if') || el.hasAttribute('stm-else')) return;
    if (el.hasAttribute('stm-if')) {
      var active = handleIfChain(el, scope);
      if (active) processInner(active, scope);
      return;
    }
    processInner(el, scope);
  }

  /** Bind the non-control-flow attributes and recurse into children. */
  function processInner(el, scope) {
    el.__stmScope = scope; // latest scope, used when an action fires
    handleClass(el, scope);
    handleTextHtml(el, scope);
    wireAction(el);
    render(el, scope);
  }

  /**
   * Walk an element's children, processing each. Loop instance nodes are
   * skipped here (they are owned and processed by their holder).
   */
  function render(root, scope) {
    if (!root || !root.children) return;
    // Snapshot the children: processing mutates the DOM (detaching branches,
    // inserting loop instances) and a live HTMLCollection would shift indices.
    var children = Array.prototype.slice.call(root.children);
    for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
      var el = children[i];
      if (instanceNodes.has(el)) continue;
      processElement(el, scope);
    }
  }

  /** Re-render the whole document against the current state. */
  function renderAll() {
    try { render(document.body, stateScope()); }
    catch (e) { console.error('[statum] render error', e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // HTML API: actions
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Collect data for an action trigger: `stm-data-{key}` attributes plus, for a
   * form, its named inputs.
   * @param {HTMLElement} el
   * @returns {object}
   */
  function collectData(el) {
    var data = {};
    var attrs = el.attributes;
    for (var i = 0; i < attrs.length; i++) {
      var name = attrs[i].name;
      if (name.indexOf('stm-data-') === 0) data[name.slice('stm-data-'.length)] = attrs[i].value;
    }
    if (el.tagName === 'FORM') {
      var fd = new FormData(el);
      fd.forEach(function (value, key) {
        data[key] = value instanceof File ? value.name : String(value);
      });
    }
    return data;
  }

  /**
   * Toggle the busy state of an action element: disables the element and its
   * descendant form controls and applies `stm-busy-class` classes while busy,
   * restoring prior state when not.
   */
  function setBusyState(el, busy) {
    var nodes = [el].concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(
      el.querySelectorAll('button,input,select,textarea,fieldset')));
    var busyClasses = (el.getAttribute('stm-busy-class') || '').split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
    if (busy) {
      el.__stmDisabled = [];
      nodes.forEach(function (n) {
        if (!('disabled' in n)) return;
        el.__stmDisabled.push([n, n.disabled]);
        n.disabled = true;
      });
      busyClasses.forEach(function (c) { el.classList.add(c); });
    } else {
      (el.__stmDisabled || []).forEach(function (pair) { pair[0].disabled = pair[1]; });
      el.__stmDisabled = [];
      busyClasses.forEach(function (c) { el.classList.remove(c); });
    }
  }

  /** Apply or remove `stm-on-error` classes on an action element. */
  function applyErrorClasses(el, on) {
    if (!el || !el.hasAttribute || !el.hasAttribute('stm-on-error')) return;
    var classes = (el.getAttribute('stm-on-error') || '').split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
    classes.forEach(function (c) { on ? el.classList.add(c) : el.classList.remove(c); });
  }

  /**
   * Wire an element's primary action once. The listener resolves the action
   * object against the element's latest render scope, so loop instances bind to
   * their own item.
   */
  function wireAction(el) {
    if (!el.hasAttribute('stm-action') || wired.has(el)) return;
    wired.add(el);
    var eventName = el.tagName === 'FORM' ? 'submit' : 'click';
    el.addEventListener(eventName, function (event) {
      event.preventDefault();
      runElementAction(el);
    });
  }

  /**
   * Resolve and perform the action attached to an element, managing busy and
   * error-state classes around the request.
   * @param {HTMLElement} el
   */
  async function runElementAction(el) {
    var scope = el.__stmScope || stateScope();
    var action = evalExpr(el.getAttribute('stm-action'), scope);
    if (!action || typeof action.uri !== 'string') return;

    applyErrorClasses(el, false); // clear error state on a new attempt
    var data = collectData(el);
    setBusyState(el, true);
    try {
      await performAction(action, data, el);
    } catch (err) {
      // stm-on-error is applied by the directive path for `error` directives;
      // ensure it is also applied for other failures (network, HTTP).
      applyErrorClasses(el, true);
    } finally {
      setBusyState(el, false);
    }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Boot visibility (stm-preloader / stm-content)
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Toggle pre/post-entrypoint visibility with the `hidden` attribute. While
   * loading, `stm-preloader` elements are shown and `stm-content` elements
   * hidden; once ready, the reverse.
   *
   * To avoid a flash of un-bound template before the script runs, authors may
   * pre-set `hidden` directly on `stm-content` in the HTML (e.g.
   * `<div stm-content hidden>`); the library removes it once ready. The library
   * also sets `hidden` itself during loading as a fallback for authors who do
   * not pre-set it.
   * @param {boolean} ready
   */
  function setBootState(ready) {
    var preloaders = document.querySelectorAll('[stm-preloader]');
    var contents = document.querySelectorAll('[stm-content]');
    for (var i = 0; i < preloaders.length; i++) {
      ready ? preloaders[i].setAttribute('hidden', '') : preloaders[i].removeAttribute('hidden');
    }
    for (var j = 0; j < contents.length; j++) {
      ready ? contents[j].removeAttribute('hidden') : contents[j].setAttribute('hidden', '');
    }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Public state accessors
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /** Build the scope used for expression evaluation: `{ typeName: public }`. */
  function stateScope() {
    var scope = {};
    store.forEach(function (entry, type) { scope[type] = entry.snapshot.public; });
    return scope;
  }

  /** Read a type's `public` data (what the attributes bind to). */
  function read(type) {
    var entry = store.get(type);
    return entry ? entry.snapshot.public : undefined;
  }

  /** Read a type's full snapshot object. */
  function getSnapshot(type) {
    var entry = store.get(type);
    return entry ? entry.snapshot : undefined;
  }

  /** Read the frame wrapping a type's snapshot. */
  function getFrame(type) {
    var entry = store.get(type);
    return entry ? entry.frame : undefined;
  }

  /** Build an object of `{ typeName: public }` for every held type. */
  function state() {
    var result = {};
    store.forEach(function (entry, type) { result[type] = entry.snapshot.public; });
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Clear state. With a type argument, clears that type only; without, clears
   * all held state.
   * @param {string} [type]
   */
  function clear(type) {
    if (type === undefined) {
      Array.from(store.keys()).forEach(function (t) { clearType(t, { broadcast: true }); });
    } else {
      clearType(type, { broadcast: true });
    }
    renderAll();
  }

  /**
   * Perform an action. `action` may be an action object or a string path that
   * resolves to an action object within the current state.
   * @param {object|string} action
   * @param {object} [data]
   * @returns {Promise<void>}
   */
  function act(action, data) {
    var resolved = action;
    if (typeof action === 'string') resolved = evalExpr(action, stateScope());
    if (!resolved || typeof resolved.uri !== 'string') {
      return Promise.reject(new StatumError('Invalid action'));
    }
    return performAction(resolved, data, null);
  }

  /** Attach a state listener for a type. */
  function addStateListener(type, callback) {
    if (typeof callback !== 'function') return;
    if (!listeners.has(type)) listeners.set(type, new Set());
    listeners.get(type).add(callback);
  }

  /** Remove a previously-attached state listener. */
  function removeStateListener(type, callback) {
    var set = listeners.get(type);
    if (!set) return;
    set.delete(callback);
    if (set.size === 0) listeners.delete(type);
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Initialization
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Initialize Statum: read URL overrides, run the session-cookie check,
   * hydrate persisted state, open the cross-tab channel, fetch the entrypoint,
   * and render. Safe to call multiple times.
   * @returns {Promise<void>}
   */
  async function init() {
    if (initialized) return;
    initialized = true;

    var body = document.body;
    if (body) {
      if (body.hasAttribute('stm-entrypoint')) config.entrypointUrl = body.getAttribute('stm-entrypoint');
      if (body.hasAttribute('stm-slots')) config.slotsUrl = body.getAttribute('stm-slots');
    }

    try { initSession(); } catch (e) {}
    try { hydrate(); } catch (e) {}
    setupChannel();

    setBootState(false);
    renderAll(); // bind against any persisted/hydrated state immediately

    try {
      await loadEntrypoint();
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('[statum] entrypoint load failed', err);
    } finally {
      setBootState(true);
    }
  }

  function autoInit() {
    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', init);
    } else {
      init();
    }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Public API
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /** @namespace statum */
  window.statum = {
    /** Library version. */
    version: '0.1.0',
    /** Mutable endpoint configuration. */
    config: config,
    /** (Re)initialize the library. Usually runs automatically on load. */
    init: init,
    /** Read a type's `public` data. */
    read: read,
    /** Read a type's full snapshot object. */
    getSnapshot: getSnapshot,
    /** Read the frame wrapping a type's snapshot. */
    getFrame: getFrame,
    /** Build `{ typeName: public }` for every held type. */
    state: state,
    /** Clear one type (`clear("x")`) or all state (`clear()`). */
    clear: clear,
    /** Perform an action object or named action. */
    act: act,
    /** Attach a state-changed listener for a type. */
    addStateListener: addStateListener,
    /** Remove a previously-attached listener. */
    removeStateListener: removeStateListener
  };

  autoInit();
})();