Usm.Manifest manifest = null;
string? build_path = null;
bool replace_provides = false;
bool debug_mode = false;
Usm.ResourceFinder resfinder = null;
Usm.ResourceFinder destresfinder = null;


public static int manifest_main(string[] args) {
    paths = new Usm.Paths();
    var resfinder_paths = paths.clone();
    resfinder_paths.destination = "/";
    resfinder = new Usm.ResourceFinder(resfinder_paths);
    destresfinder = new Usm.ResourceFinder(paths);

    if(args.length < 2) {
        manifest_usage();
        return 255;
    }

    var verb = args[1];
    
    // Check for --replace and --debug flags for autoprovides
    if(verb == "autoprovides") {
        for(int i = 2; i < args.length; i++) {
            if(args[i] == "--replace") {
                replace_provides = true;
            } else if(args[i] == "--debug") {
                debug_mode = true;
            } else if(build_path == null) {
                build_path = args[i];
            }
        }
    } else if(verb == "build") {
        // Optional for data packages (a no-op); enforced for regular packages in build()
        if(args.length >= 3) {
            build_path = args[2];
        }
    } else if(verb != "remove" && verb != "acquire" && verb != "install" && verb != "package" && verb != "deploy" && verb != "test" && verb != "validate") {
        if(args.length < 3) {
            manifest_usage();
            return 255;
        }
        build_path = args[2];
    }

    if(!File.new_for_path("MANIFEST.usm").query_exists()) {
        printerr("No MANIFEST.usm file found in current directory.\n");
        return 254;
    }

    try {
        var element = new InvercargillJson.JsonElement.from_file("MANIFEST.usm");
        manifest = Usm.Manifest.get_mapper().materialise(element.as<Invercargill.Properties>());
        manifest.validate();
    }
    catch (Error e) {
        printerr(@"Could not read MANIFEST.usm: $(e.message)\n");
        return 253;
    }

    // Data packages define no build step: nothing is staged, no build directory
    // or build.tar.xz is ever created for them
    if(manifest.is_data_package && verb == "build") {
        printerr(@"Data package \"$(manifest.name)\" has no build step, nothing to build.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // Automatically create a temporary directory for these commands if one was not provided.
    if(!manifest.is_data_package && (verb == "install" || verb == "autoprovides" || verb == "test" || verb == "validate")) {
        if(build_path == null) {
            var dir = File.new_build_filename("/tmp", Uuid.string_random());
            try {
                dir.make_directory();
            }
            catch(Error e) {
                printerr(@"Could not create temporary build directory, try specifying one instead: $(e.message)\n");
                return 255;
            }
            build_path = dir.get_path();
        }
    }

    // Automatically create the specified directory for these commands if it doesn't exist
    if(!manifest.is_data_package && build_path != null && (verb == "install" || verb == "autoprovides" || verb == "test" || verb == "build" || verb == "validate")) {
        var build_dir = File.new_for_path(build_path);
        if(!build_dir.query_exists()) {
            printerr(@"Creating build directory: $build_path\n");
            try {
                build_dir.make_directory_with_parents();
            }
            catch(Error e) {
                printerr(@"Could not create build directory: $(e.message)\n");
                return 255;
            }
        }
    }

    if(verb == "build") {
        return build();
    }

    if(verb == "install") {
        return install();
    }

    if(verb == "acquire") {
        return acquire();
    }

    if(verb == "remove") {
        return uininstall();
    }

    if(verb == "package") {
        return package();
    }

    if(verb == "deploy") {
        return manifest_deploy(args);
    }

    if(verb == "autoprovides") {
        return autoprovides();
    }

    if(verb == "test") {
        return test();
    }

    if(verb == "validate") {
        return validate();
    }

    manifest_usage();
    return 255;
}

private void manifest_usage() {
    printerr("USAGE:\n\tusm manifest build <build path>\n\tusm manifest install <build path>\n\tusm manifest remove\nusm manifest acquire\nusm manifest package\nusm manifest deploy [--exec CMD] [--base IMAGE] [--repository FILE]... [--no-build] [--installer-url URL]\nusm manifest autoprovides [--replace] [--debug] [build path]\nusm manifest test [build path]\nusm manifest validate [build path]\n");
}

/**
 * Checks one dependency phase of the loaded manifest against the resources
 * {@link finder} can see, printing the same "Missing … dependency" lines as
 * before for flat phases.
 *
 * Grouped phases choose the first group whose members are all present (this
 * flow installs nothing, so every group costs nothing and manifest order
 * wins); when no group is viable an itemised per-group report is printed.
 * Returns false when the phase's requirements are unmet.
 */
private bool phase_dependencies_satisfied(Usm.DependencyPhase? phase, string label, Usm.ResourceFinder finder) {
    if(phase == null) {
        return true;
    }

    if(!phase.is_grouped) {
        var sane = true;
        foreach(var resource in phase.ordered_required()) {
            if(!finder.has_resource(resource)) {
                printerr(@"Missing $label dependency \"$resource\".\n");
                sane = false;
            }
        }
        return sane;
    }

    var groups = phase.ordered_groups();
    foreach(var group in groups) {
        var missing = group.where(r => !finder.has_resource(r)).to_vector();
        if(missing.length == 0) {
            return true;
        }
    }

    printerr(@"No viable $label dependency group:\n");
    for(uint index = 0; index < groups.length; index++) {
        printerr(@"  Group $(index + 1) ($(groups[index].to_string(r => r.to_string(), ", "))):\n");
        foreach(var resource in groups[index].where(r => !finder.has_resource(r))) {
            printerr(@"    Missing $label dependency \"$resource\".\n");
        }
    }
    return false;
}


private int build() {
    if(build_path == null) {
        manifest_usage();
        return 255;
    }

    // Create build directory if it doesn't exist
    var sane = phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.manage, "management", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.build, "build", resfinder);

    if(!sane) {
        printerr("Could not build manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 252;
    }

    try {
        var proc = manifest.run_build(build_path, paths, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS);
        proc.wait_check();
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error running build exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 251;
    }

    return 0;
}

private int install() {
    // Data packages define no build or install execs; their provides are
    // copied directly from the source tree
    if(manifest.is_data_package) {
        return install_data_package();
    }

    // Create build directory if it doesn't exist
    var build_dir = File.new_for_path(build_path);
    if(!build_dir.query_exists()) {
        printerr(@"Creating build directory: $build_path\n");
        try {
            build_dir.make_directory_with_parents();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Could not create build directory: $(e.message)\n");
            return 255;
        }
    }

    var sane = phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.manage, "management", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.build, "build", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.runtime, "runtime", destresfinder);

    if(!sane) {
        printerr("Could not install manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 252;
    }

    try {
        var proc = manifest.run_build(build_path, paths, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS, frac => printerr(@"Building '$(manifest.name)': $((int)(frac*100))%\r"));
        proc.wait_check();
        printerr("\n");
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"\nError running build exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 251;
    }

    var install_dir = File.new_build_filename("/tmp", Uuid.string_random());
    if(manifest.executables.install != null) {
        try {
            install_dir.make_directory();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Could not create temporary install directory: $(e.message)\n");
            return 250;
        }

        try {
            manifest.run_install(build_path, install_dir.get_path(), paths, Usm.InstallType.FRESH, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS).wait_check();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Error running install exec: $(e.message)\n");
            return 249;
        }
    }
    else {
        install_dir = null;
    }

    try {
        manifest.install_resources(Environment.get_current_dir(), build_path, install_dir?.get_path(), paths, (r, c, t, f) => {
            if(f == 0.0f) {
                printerr(@"Installing resource $(c+1)/$t: \"$(r)\"\n");
            }
        });
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error installing manifest resources: $(e.message)\n");
        return 248;
    }

    try {
        var proc = manifest.run_post_install(build_path, Usm.InstallType.FRESH, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS);
        if(proc != null) {
            proc.wait_check();
        }
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error running post install exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 247;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * Installs a data package: every provide is copied directly from the source
 * tree to its suggested path, with no build or install staging involved.
 */
private int install_data_package() {
    if(!phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.runtime, "runtime", destresfinder)) {
        printerr("Could not install manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 252;
    }

    try {
        manifest.install_resources(Environment.get_current_dir(), Environment.get_current_dir(), null, paths, (r, c, t, f) => {
            if(f == 0.0f) {
                printerr(@"Installing resource $(c+1)/$t: \"$(r)\"\n");
            }
        });
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error installing manifest resources: $(e.message)\n");
        return 248;
    }

    return 0;
}


private int acquire() {
    if(manifest.executables.acquire == null) {
        printerr(@"Manifest does not reference an acquire script\n");
        return 248;
    }

    // The acquire phase's own refs gate acquisition (it runs on the host)
    if(!phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.acquire, "acquire", resfinder)) {
        printerr("Could not acquire manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 247;
    }

    try {
        var proc = manifest.run_acquire(SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS);
        proc.wait_check();
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error running build exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 251;
    }

    return 0;
}

private int uininstall() {
    if(!phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.manage, "management", resfinder)) {
        printerr("Could not remove manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 252;
    }

    try {
        var proc = manifest.run_remove(Usm.RemoveType.FINAL, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS);
        if(proc != null) {
            proc.wait_check();
        }
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error running remove exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 249;
    }

    // Do files and symlinks first
    foreach (var resource in manifest.provides.where(r => r.value.file_type != Usm.ManifestFileType.DIRECTORY)) {
        var path = paths.get_suggested_path_for_resource(resource.key);
        printerr(@"Deleting resource $(resource.key) from $path...");
        try {
            var file = File.new_for_path(path);
            if(file.query_exists()) {
                file.delete();
                printerr(" done\n");
            }
            else {
                printerr(" file missing\n");
            }
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@" $(e.message)\n");
            return 250;
        }
    }

    // Do directories last
    foreach (var resource in manifest.provides.where(r => r.value.file_type == Usm.ManifestFileType.DIRECTORY)) {
        var path = paths.get_suggested_path_for_resource(resource.key);
        printerr(@"Deleting resource $(resource.key) from $path...");
        try {
            var file = File.new_for_path(path);
            if(file.query_exists()) {
                file.delete();
                printerr(" done\n");
            }
            else {
                printerr(" file missing\n");
            }
        }
        catch(IOError.NOT_EMPTY e) {
            printerr(" directory not empty\n");
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@" $(e.message)\n");
            return 250;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

private int package() {
    printerr("Writing archive...\n");
    var output = @"../$(manifest.name)-$(manifest.version).usmc";
    try {
        // Collect everything not excluded by the root .usmignore (falling
        // back to the .git-only default), pruning ignored directories
        var ignore = new Usm.UsmIgnore.from_root(Environment.get_current_dir());
        var entries = new Invercargill.DataStructures.Vector<string>();
        package_collect(".", ignore, entries);

        var list_file = File.new_build_filename("/tmp", Uuid.string_random());
        try {
            var stream = new DataOutputStream(list_file.replace(null, false, FileCreateFlags.REPLACE_DESTINATION));
            foreach(var entry in entries) {
                stream.put_string(@"./$entry\n");
            }
            stream.close();

            var proc = new Subprocess.newv(new string[] { "tar", "-cJf", output, "--no-recursion", "-T", list_file.get_path() }, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS);
            proc.wait_check();
        }
        finally {
            try {
                list_file.delete();
            }
            catch(Error e) {
                // The temporary file list is disposable; leaving it behind is harmless
            }
        }

        printerr(@"Wrote package to path \"$(output)\"\n");
        return 0;
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr("Failed to write package\n");
        return 172;
    }
}

/**
 * Walks the package tree rooted at {@link relative_dir}, collecting the
 * relative paths of every file and directory not ignored by {@link ignore}.
 * Ignored directories are pruned: nothing beneath them is visited.
 */
private static void package_collect(string relative_dir, Usm.UsmIgnore ignore, Invercargill.DataStructures.Vector<string> entries) throws Error {
    var folder = File.new_for_path(relative_dir);
    var enumerator = folder.enumerate_children("*", FileQueryInfoFlags.NOFOLLOW_SYMLINKS);

    while(true) {
        FileInfo? info = enumerator.next_file();
        if(info == null) {
            break;
        }

        var relative_path = relative_dir == "." ? info.get_name() : @"$relative_dir/$(info.get_name())";
        var is_directory = info.get_file_type() == FileType.DIRECTORY;
        if(ignore.matches(relative_path, is_directory)) {
            continue;
        }
        entries.add(relative_path);
        if(is_directory) {
            package_collect(relative_path, ignore, entries);
        }
    }
}

private int autoprovides() {
    // Create build directory if it doesn't exist
    var build_dir = File.new_for_path(build_path);
    if(!build_dir.query_exists()) {
        printerr(@"Creating build directory: $build_path\n");
        try {
            build_dir.make_directory_with_parents();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Could not create build directory: $(e.message)\n");
            return 255;
        }
    }

    if(manifest.executables.install == null) {
        printerr(@"Autoprovides command only works with manifests that specify an installation executable.\n");
        return 1;
    }

    var sane = phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.manage, "management", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.build, "build", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.runtime, "runtime", destresfinder);

    if(!sane) {
        printerr("Could not install manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 252;
    }

    try {
        Usm.ProgressDelegate? progress_callback = null;
        SubprocessFlags build_flags = SubprocessFlags.STDOUT_SILENCE;
        
        if (!debug_mode) {
            progress_callback = frac => printerr(@"Building '$(manifest.name)': $((int)(frac*100))%\r");
        } else {
            build_flags = SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS;
        }
        
        var proc = manifest.run_build(build_path, paths, build_flags, progress_callback);
        proc.wait_check();
        
        if (!debug_mode) {
            printerr("\n");
        }
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"\nError running build exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 251;
    }

    var install_dir = File.new_build_filename("/tmp", Uuid.string_random());
    try {
        install_dir.make_directory();
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Could not create temporary install directory: $(e.message)\n");
        return 250;
    }

    try {
        SubprocessFlags install_flags = debug_mode ? SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS : SubprocessFlags.STDOUT_SILENCE;
        manifest.run_install(build_path, install_dir.get_path(), paths, Usm.InstallType.FRESH, install_flags).wait_check();
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error running install exec: $(e.message)\n"
);
        return 249;
    }

    try {
        var provides = autoprovides_scan_tree(install_dir.get_path(), install_dir.get_path());

        // Create a JSON representation of the provides dictionary
        var json_object = new InvercargillJson.JsonObject();
        foreach (var entry in provides) {
            // Handle special case: when pathBase is as-expected, path is empty, and type is reg
            // output string "as-expected" instead of full JSON object
            if(entry.value.path_base == Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.AS_EXPECTED &&
               entry.value.path == "" &&
               entry.value.file_type == Usm.ManifestFileType.REGULAR) {
                json_object.set_native(entry.key.to_string(), "as-expected");
            } else {
                var mapper = Usm.ManifestFile.get_mapper();
                json_object.set_native(entry.key.to_string(), mapper.map_from(entry.value));
            }
        }
        
        var json_string = json_object.as_element().stringify_pretty();

        if(replace_provides) {
            try {
                // Update the manifest's provides property
                manifest.provides = provides;
                
                // Serialize the updated manifest back to JSON
                var mapper = Usm.Manifest.get_mapper();
                var properties = mapper.map_from(manifest);
                var manifest_json_element = new InvercargillJson.JsonElement.from_properties(properties);
                var manifest_json_string = manifest_json_element.stringify_pretty();
                
                // Write the updated manifest to file
                var file = File.new_for_path("MANIFEST.usm");
                var data_stream = new DataOutputStream(file.replace(null, false, FileCreateFlags.REPLACE_DESTINATION));
                data_stream.put_string(manifest_json_string);
                
                printerr("Successfully updated 'provides' property in MANIFEST.usm\n");
            }
            catch(Error e) {
                printerr(@"Error updating MANIFEST.usm: $(e.message)\n");
                printerr("Original file left unchanged. Generated provides:\n");
                print(@"$json_string\n");
                return 249;
            }
        } else {
            print(@"$json_string\n");
        }
        
        return 0;
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error scanning installation result: $(e.message)\n");
        return 249;
    }
}

public static Invercargill.DataStructures.Dictionary<Usm.ResourceRef, Usm.ManifestFile> autoprovides_scan_tree(string install_root, string path) throws Error {
    // Creating a new Directory object for the given folder path
    var folder = File.new_for_path(path);

    // Getting a list of all files and folders inside the directory
    var enumerator = folder.enumerate_children("*", FileQueryInfoFlags.NOFOLLOW_SYMLINKS);

    var provides = new Invercargill.DataStructures.Dictionary<Usm.ResourceRef, Usm.ManifestFile>();

    // Looping through each file/folder and removing them
    while (true) {
        FileInfo? info = enumerator.next_file();
        if (info == null) {
            break;
        }

        // Checking if the current item is a file or a folder
        if (info.get_file_type() == FileType.REGULAR) {
            var file = folder.get_child(info.get_name());
            var true_path = file.get_path().substring(install_root.length);
            var type = guess_resource_type(true_path);
            
            var relative_path = get_relative_path_for_type(true_path, type.to_string());
            // Remove leading slash from relative_path if present
            if (relative_path.has_prefix("/")) {
                relative_path = relative_path.substring(1);
            }
            
            // Create ResourceRef and ManifestFile
            var resource_ref = new Usm.ResourceRef.with_type(type, relative_path);
            var manifest_file = new Usm.ManifestFile.from_string("as-expected");
            provides[resource_ref] = manifest_file;
        }
        else if (info.get_file_type() == FileType.SYMBOLIC_LINK) {
            var file = folder.get_child(info.get_name());
            var true_path = file.get_path().substring(install_root.length);
            var type = guess_resource_type(true_path);
            
            var relative_path = get_relative_path_for_type(true_path, type.to_string());
            // Remove leading slash from relative_path if present
            if (relative_path.has_prefix("/")) {
                relative_path = relative_path.substring(1);
            }
            
            // Create ResourceRef and ManifestFile
            var resource_ref = new Usm.ResourceRef.with_type(type, relative_path);
            var manifest_file = new Usm.ManifestFile() {
                path_base = Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.AS_EXPECTED,
                file_type = Usm.ManifestFileType.SYMBOLIC_LINK,
                destination = info.get_symlink_target()
            };
            provides[resource_ref] = manifest_file;
        }
        else if (info.get_file_type() == FileType.DIRECTORY) {
            var subfolder = folder.get_child(info.get_name());
            var sub_provides = autoprovides_scan_tree(install_root, subfolder.get_path());
            // Add all entries from subdirectory
            foreach (var entry in sub_provides) {
                provides[entry.key] = entry.value;
            }
        }
    }
    
    return provides;
}

private static Usm.ResourceType guess_resource_type(string path) {
    // Remove leading slash if present
    string clean_path = path.has_prefix("/") ? path.substring(1) : path;
    
    // Create a temporary Paths object to get the default paths
    var default_paths = new Usm.Paths();
    
    // Find all matching resource types and calculate directory traversals
    var matching_types = new Invercargill.DataStructures.Vector<Usm.ResourceType>();
    var traversal_counts = new Invercargill.DataStructures.Vector<int>();
    
    // Define all resource types to check
    var types_to_check = new Invercargill.Composition<Usm.ResourceType>();
    types_to_check.append(Invercargill.Iterate.these<Usm.ResourceType>(
        Usm.ResourceType.BINARY,
        Usm.ResourceType.SUPER_BINARY,
        Usm.ResourceType.LIBRARY,
        Usm.ResourceType.LIBRARY_RESOURCE,
        Usm.ResourceType.LIBRARY_EXECUTABLE,
        Usm.ResourceType.INCLUDE,
        Usm.ResourceType.APPLICATION,
        Usm.ResourceType.INFO_PAGE,
        Usm.ResourceType.MANUAL_PAGE,
        Usm.ResourceType.LOCALE,
        Usm.ResourceType.VALA_API,
        Usm.ResourceType.GOBJECT_IR,
        Usm.ResourceType.TAG,
        Usm.ResourceType.RESOURCE,
        Usm.ResourceType.PKG_CONFIG,
        Usm.ResourceType.TYPELIB,
        Usm.ResourceType.CONFIGURATION,
        Usm.ResourceType.OPTIONAL
    ));

    // If the canonlib directory is different to the regular library path, add the canonical checks
    if(paths.canonlib != paths.lib) {
        types_to_check.append(Invercargill.Iterate.these<Usm.ResourceType>(
            Usm.ResourceType.CANONICAL_LIBRARY,
            Usm.ResourceType.CANONICAL_LIBRARY_RESOURCE
        ));
    }
    
    foreach (var type in types_to_check) {
        var suggested_path = default_paths.get_suggested_base_path_for_type(type);
        // Remove the destination prefix (usually "/") to get the relative path
        var relative_suggested_path = suggested_path.has_prefix("/") ?
            suggested_path.substring(1) : suggested_path;
        
        if (clean_path.has_prefix(relative_suggested_path)) {
            var relative_path = clean_path.substring(relative_suggested_path.length);
            // Count slashes (directory traversals) in the relative path
            int traversal_count = 0;
            for (int j = 0; j < relative_path.length; j++) {
                if (relative_path[j] == '/') {
                    traversal_count++;
                }
            }
            
            // Library and Library resource have the same path. Try to have actual libraries get 'lib:' type, and all others 'libres:'
            var basename = Path.get_basename(path);
            var is_library = basename.has_suffix(".so") || basename.contains(".so.") || basename.has_suffix(".a") || basename.has_suffix(".o");
            if(!is_library && (type == Usm.ResourceType.LIBRARY || type == Usm.ResourceType.CANONICAL_LIBRARY)) {
                continue;
            }
            if(is_library && (type == Usm.ResourceType.LIBRARY_RESOURCE || type == Usm.ResourceType.CANONICAL_LIBRARY_RESOURCE)) {
                continue;
            }
            
            matching_types.add(type);
            traversal_counts.add(traversal_count);
        }
    }
    
    // If no matches found, default to "rootpath"
    if (matching_types.peek_count() == 0) {
        return Usm.ResourceType.ROOT_PATH;
    }
    
    // Find the type with the fewest directory traversals
    int min_traversals = traversal_counts[0];
    Usm.ResourceType best_type = matching_types[0];
    
    for (int i = 1; i < traversal_counts.peek_count(); i++) {
        if (traversal_counts[i] < min_traversals) {
            min_traversals = traversal_counts[i];
            best_type = matching_types[i];
        }
    }
    
    return best_type;
}

private static string get_relative_path_for_type(string path, string type) {
    // Remove leading slash if present
    string clean_path = path.has_prefix("/") ? path.substring(1) : path;
    
    // Create a temporary Paths object to get the default paths
    var default_paths = new Usm.Paths();
    
    try {
        // Convert string type to ResourceType enum
        var resource_type = Usm.ResourceType.from_string(type);
        var suggested_path = default_paths.get_suggested_base_path_for_type(resource_type);
        // Remove the destination prefix (usually "/") to get the relative path
        var relative_suggested_path = suggested_path.has_prefix("/") ?
            suggested_path.substring(1) : suggested_path;
        
        if (clean_path.has_prefix(relative_suggested_path)) {
            return clean_path.substring(relative_suggested_path.length);
        }
    } catch (Error e) {
        // Type not found, fall through to default case
    }
    
    // Default case - return the path as-is
    return clean_path;
}

private int test() {
    if(manifest.is_data_package) {
        printerr(@"Data packages define no test script.\n");
        return 248;
    }

    if(build_path == null) {
        var dir = File.new_build_filename("/tmp", Uuid.string_random());
        try {
            dir.make_directory();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Could not create temporary build directory, try specifying one instead: $(e.message)\n");
            return 255;
        }
        build_path = dir.get_path();
    } else {
        // Create build directory if it doesn't exist
        var build_dir = File.new_for_path(build_path);
        if(!build_dir.query_exists()) {
            printerr(@"Creating build directory: $build_path\n");
            try {
                build_dir.make_directory_with_parents();
            }
            catch(Error e) {
                printerr(@"Could not create build directory: $(e.message)\n");
                return 255;
            }
        }
    }

    var sane = phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.manage, "management", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.build, "build", resfinder);

    if(!sane) {
        printerr("Could not test manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 252;
    }

    try {
        // First build the package
        var build_proc = manifest.run_build(build_path, paths, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS, frac => printerr(@"Building '$(manifest.name)': $((int)(frac*100))%\r"));
        build_proc.wait_check();
        printerr("\n");
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"\nError running build exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 251;
    }

    if(manifest.executables.test == null) {
        printerr(@"Manifest does not reference a test script\n");
        return 248;
    }

    try {
        var test_proc = manifest.run_test(build_path, SubprocessFlags.INHERIT_FDS);
        test_proc.wait_check();
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error running test exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 251;
    }

    return 0;
}

private int validate() {
    if(build_path == null) {
        var dir = File.new_build_filename("/tmp", Uuid.string_random());
        try {
            dir.make_directory();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Could not create temporary build directory, try specifying one instead: $(e.message)\n");
            return 255;
        }
        build_path = dir.get_path();
    } else {
        // Create build directory if it doesn't exist
        var build_dir = File.new_for_path(build_path);
        if(!build_dir.query_exists()) {
            printerr(@"Creating build directory: $build_path\n");
            try {
                build_dir.make_directory_with_parents();
            }
            catch(Error e) {
                printerr(@"Could not create build directory: $(e.message)\n");
                return 255;
            }
        }
    }

    var sane = phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.manage, "management", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.build, "build", resfinder) &
        phase_dependencies_satisfied(manifest.dependencies.runtime, "runtime", destresfinder);

    if(!sane) {
        printerr("Could not validate manifest, missing dependencies\n");
        return 252;
    }

    // Check for license
    if(manifest.licences == null || manifest.licences.count() == 0) {
        printerr("Warning: No licence has been provided in the manifest.\n");
    }

    // Check for markdown
    if(manifest.markdown_path == null) {
        printerr("Warning: No markdown description has been provided in the manifest.\n");
    }

    // Check for url
    if(manifest.url == null) {
        printerr("Warning: No URL has been provided in the manifest.\n");
    }

    // Data packages define no build or install execs; their provides resolve
    // directly from the source tree, so validate them there and stop
    if(manifest.is_data_package) {
        return validate_data_package();
    }

    try {
        // Run build
        var build_proc = manifest.run_build(build_path, paths, SubprocessFlags.STDOUT_SILENCE, frac => printerr(@"Building '$(manifest.name)': $((int)(frac*100))%\r"));
        build_proc.wait_check();
        printerr("\n");
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"\nError running build exec: $(e.message)\n");
        return 251;
    }

    var install_dir = File.new_build_filename("/tmp", Uuid.string_random());
    if(manifest.executables.install != null) {
        try {
            install_dir.make_directory();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Could not create temporary install directory: $(e.message)\n");
            return 250;
        }

        try {
            manifest.run_install(build_path, install_dir.get_path(), paths, Usm.InstallType.FRESH, SubprocessFlags.STDOUT_SILENCE).wait_check();
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Error running install exec: $(e.message)\n");
            return 249;
        }
    }
    else {
        printerr("Warning: No install script specified, cannot validate installation.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // Validate each expected resource exists in its expected location
    var missing_resources = new Invercargill.DataStructures.Vector<Usm.ResourceRef>();
    foreach (var expected in manifest.provides) {
        bool found = false;
        string expected_path = "";
        
        try {
            switch(expected.value.path_base) {
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.AS_EXPECTED:
                    // For as-expected, check in install directory at suggested path
                    var install_paths = paths.clone();
                    install_paths.destination = install_dir.get_path();
                    expected_path = install_paths.get_suggested_path_for_resource(expected.key);
                    var file = File.new_for_path(expected_path);
                    found = file.query_exists();
                    break;
                    
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.BUILD:
                    // For build:, check in build directory at specified path
                    expected_path = Path.build_filename(build_path, expected.value.path ?? "");
                    var file = File.new_for_path(expected_path);
                    found = file.query_exists();
                    break;
                    
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.SOURCE:
                    // For source:, check in source directory at specified path
                    expected_path = Path.build_filename(Environment.get_current_dir(), expected.value.path ?? "");
                    var file = File.new_for_path(expected_path);
                    found = file.query_exists();
                    break;
                    
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.INSTALL:
                    // For install:, check in install directory at specified path
                    expected_path = Path.build_filename(install_dir.get_path(), expected.value.path ?? "");
                    var file = File.new_for_path(expected_path);
                    found = file.query_exists();
                    break;
                    
                default:
                    assert_not_reached();
            }
        }
        catch(Error e) {
            printerr(@"Error validating resource $(expected.key.to_string()): $(e.message)\n");
            found = false;
        }
        
        if(!found) {
            missing_resources.add(expected.key);
        }
    }
    
    if(missing_resources.any()) {
        printerr("Error: Expected resources not found:\n");
        foreach (var resource in missing_resources) {
            var expected_resource = manifest.provides[resource];
            string location_desc = "";
            switch(expected_resource.path_base) {
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.AS_EXPECTED:
                    location_desc = "at expected install location";
                    break;
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.BUILD:
                    location_desc = @"in build directory at \"$(expected_resource.path ?? "")\"";
                    break;
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.SOURCE:
                    location_desc = @"in source directory at \"$(expected_resource.path ?? "")\"";
                    break;
                case Usm.ManifestFilePathBase.INSTALL:
                    location_desc = @"in install directory at \"$(expected_resource.path ?? "")\"";
                    break;
                default:
                    location_desc = "at unknown location";
                    break;
            }
            printerr(@"  - $(resource.to_string()) ($location_desc)\n");
        }
        return 248;
    }
    
    // Scan for unexpected resources in the install directory
    try {
        var installed_resources = autoprovides_scan_tree(install_dir.get_path(), install_dir.get_path());
        var expected_resources = manifest.provides;
        
        // Check for unexpected resources
        var unexpected_resources = new Invercargill.DataStructures.Vector<Usm.ResourceRef>();
        foreach (var installed in installed_resources) {
            bool found = false;
            foreach (var expected in expected_resources) {
                if(installed.key.to_string() == expected.key.to_string()) {
                    found = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if(!found) {
                unexpected_resources.add(installed.key);
            }
        }
        
        if(unexpected_resources.any()) {
            printerr("Warning: Unexpected resources found in install directory:\n");
            foreach (var resource in unexpected_resources) {
                printerr(@"  - $(resource.to_string())\n");
            }
        }
    }
    catch(Error e) {
        printerr(@"Error validating installation result: $(e.message)\n");
        return 247;
    }

    printerr("Manifest validation completed successfully.\n");
    return 0;
}

/**
 * Validates a data package: every provide must exist in the source tree at
 * its declared path; no build or install staging is involved.
 */
private int validate_data_package() {
    var missing_resources = new Invercargill.DataStructures.Vector<Usm.ResourceRef>();
    foreach (var expected in manifest.provides) {
        var expected_path = Path.build_filename(Environment.get_current_dir(), expected.value.path ?? "");
        if(!File.new_for_path(expected_path).query_exists()) {
            missing_resources.add(expected.key);
        }
    }

    if(missing_resources.any()) {
        printerr("Error: Expected resources not found in the source tree:\n");
        foreach (var resource in missing_resources) {
            printerr(@"  - $(resource.to_string()) (in source directory at \"$(manifest.provides[resource].path ?? "")\")\n");
        }
        return 248;
    }

    printerr("Manifest validation completed successfully.\n");
    return 0;
}