Invercargill/src/lib/Expressions/GlobalFunctionAccessor.vala

using Invercargill.DataStructures;

namespace Invercargill.Expressions {

    /**
     * Function accessor for implicitly available global functions.
     * 
     * These functions are always available in expressions without needing
     * to be explicitly registered. Currently supports:
     * 
     * - `format(template, ...args)` - Printf-style string formatting
     * 
     * Examples:
     * - `format("Hello, %s!", name)` - String substitution
     * - `format("You have %i items", count)` - Integer substitution
     * - `format("Value: %.2f", price)` - Float formatting with precision
     * - `format("%s #%i: %s", category, id, title)` - Multiple arguments
     */
    public class GlobalFunctionAccessor : Object, FunctionAccessor {

        private static Series<string>? _function_names = null;

        /**
         * Gets the names of all available global functions.
         */
        public Enumerable<string> get_function_names() {
            if (_function_names == null) {
                _function_names = new Series<string>();
                _function_names.add("format");
            }
            return _function_names;
        }

        /**
         * Checks if a global function exists.
         */
        public bool has_function(string name) {
            return name == "format";
        }

        /**
         * Calls a global function with the given arguments.
         * 
         * @param function_name The function name
         * @param arguments The function arguments as a Series
         * @param context The evaluation context
         * @return The result of the function call
         * @throws ExpressionError if the function doesn't exist or arguments are invalid
         */
        public Element call_function(string function_name, Series<Element> arguments, EvaluationContext context) throws ExpressionError {
            if (function_name == "format") {
                return call_format(arguments);
            }
            
            throw new ExpressionError.FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND(
                @"Unknown global function '$function_name'"
            );
        }

        /**
         * Calls the format function.
         * 
         * Signature: format(template: string, ...args: any) -> string
         * 
         * Applies printf-style formatting to the template string using
         * the provided arguments. Supports:
         * - %s - String
         * - %i, %d - Integer
         * - %f - Float/double
         * - %x - Hexadecimal (lowercase)
         * - %X - Hexadecimal (uppercase)
         * - %o - Octal
         * - %% - Literal percent sign
         * 
         * Format specifiers can include width and precision, e.g.:
         * - %10s - Right-aligned string in 10 characters
         * - %-10s - Left-aligned string in 10 characters
         * - %.2f - Float with 2 decimal places
         * - %05i - Integer padded with zeros to 5 digits
         */
        private Element call_format(Series<Element> arguments) throws ExpressionError {
            var args = arguments.to_array();
            
            if (args.length == 0) {
                throw new ExpressionError.INVALID_ARGUMENTS(
                    "format() requires at least 1 argument (the format template)"
                );
            }

            // Get the format template
            string? template;
            if (!args[0].try_get_as<string?>(out template)) {
                throw new ExpressionError.TYPE_MISMATCH(
                    "format() first argument must be a string template"
                );
            }

            if (template == null) {
                return new NativeElement<string?>((string?)null);
            }

            // Build the formatted string by processing format specifiers
            // (even with no args, we need to handle %% escape sequences)
            var result = new StringBuilder();
            int arg_index = 1;
            int i = 0;
            
            while (i < template.length) {
                if (template[i] == '%' && i + 1 < template.length) {
                    // Parse format specifier
                    int start = i;
                    i++; // Skip '%'
                    
                    // Handle literal %
                    if (template[i] == '%') {
                        result.append_c('%');
                        i++;
                        continue;
                    }
                    
                    // Parse flags, width, precision
                    var spec = new StringBuilder();
                    spec.append_c('%');
                    
                    // Flags: -, +, space, #, 0
                    while (i < template.length && (template[i] == '-' || template[i] == '+' || 
                           template[i] == ' ' || template[i] == '#' || template[i] == '0')) {
                        spec.append_c(template[i]);
                        i++;
                    }
                    
                    // Width
                    while (i < template.length && template[i].isdigit()) {
                        spec.append_c(template[i]);
                        i++;
                    }
                    
                    // Precision
                    if (i < template.length && template[i] == '.') {
                        spec.append_c(template[i]);
                        i++;
                        while (i < template.length && template[i].isdigit()) {
                            spec.append_c(template[i]);
                            i++;
                        }
                    }
                    
                    // Length modifier (l, ll, h, etc.) - skip for now
                    while (i < template.length && (template[i] == 'l' || template[i] == 'h' || 
                           template[i] == 'L' || template[i] == 'z' || template[i] == 'j')) {
                        spec.append_c(template[i]);
                        i++;
                    }
                    
                    // Conversion specifier
                    if (i < template.length) {
                        char conv = template[i];
                        spec.append_c(conv);
                        i++;
                        
                        // Get the argument
                        if (arg_index >= args.length) {
                            throw new ExpressionError.INVALID_ARGUMENTS(
                                @"format() has more format specifiers than arguments"
                            );
                        }
                        
                        var arg = args[arg_index];
                        arg_index++;
                        
                        // Format based on conversion specifier
                        string? formatted = format_arg(spec.str, conv, arg);
                        if (formatted != null) {
                            result.append(formatted);
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    result.append_c(template[i]);
                    i++;
                }
            }
            
            return new NativeElement<string>(result.str);
        }

        /**
         * Formats a single argument using the format specifier.
         */
        private string? format_arg(string spec, char conv, Element arg) throws ExpressionError {
            switch (conv) {
                case 's': // String
                    string? str_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<string?>(out str_val)) {
                        return spec.printf(str_val ?? "(null)");
                    }
                    // Convert to string representation
                    return spec.printf(arg.to_string());
                    
                case 'd':
                case 'i': // Integer
                    // Try int64 first (common in expression system)
                    int64? int64_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int64?>(out int64_val) && int64_val != null) {
                        return "%lli".printf((int64)int64_val);
                    }
                    int? int_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int?>(out int_val) && int_val != null) {
                        return "%i".printf((int)int_val);
                    }
                    long? long_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<long?>(out long_val) && long_val != null) {
                        return "%li".printf((long)long_val);
                    }
                    // Try to convert double to int
                    double? dbl_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<double?>(out dbl_val) && dbl_val != null) {
                        return "%i".printf((int)(double)dbl_val);
                    }
                    throw new ExpressionError.TYPE_MISMATCH(
                        @"format() specifier '%%i' requires an integer, got $(arg.type_name())"
                    );
                    
                case 'f':
                case 'e':
                case 'E':
                case 'g':
                case 'G': // Float/double
                    double? dbl_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<double?>(out dbl_val) && dbl_val != null) {
                        return spec.printf((double)dbl_val);
                    }
                    // Try integer as double
                    int? int_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int?>(out int_val) && int_val != null) {
                        return spec.printf((double)int_val);
                    }
                    int64? int64_val;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int64?>(out int64_val) && int64_val != null) {
                        return spec.printf((double)int64_val);
                    }
                    throw new ExpressionError.TYPE_MISMATCH(
                        @"format() specifier '%%f' requires a number, got $(arg.type_name())"
                    );
                    
                case 'x':
                case 'X': // Hexadecimal
                    int64? hex_int64;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int64?>(out hex_int64) && hex_int64 != null) {
                        if (conv == 'x') {
                            return "%llx".printf((int64)hex_int64);
                        } else {
                            return "%llX".printf((int64)hex_int64);
                        }
                    }
                    int? hex_int;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int?>(out hex_int) && hex_int != null) {
                        if (conv == 'x') {
                            return "%x".printf((int)hex_int);
                        } else {
                            return "%X".printf((int)hex_int);
                        }
                    }
                    long? hex_long;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<long?>(out hex_long) && hex_long != null) {
                        if (conv == 'x') {
                            return "%lx".printf((long)hex_long);
                        } else {
                            return "%lX".printf((long)hex_long);
                        }
                    }
                    throw new ExpressionError.TYPE_MISMATCH(
                        @"format() specifier '%%x' requires an integer, got $(arg.type_name())"
                    );
                    
                case 'o': // Octal
                    int64? oct_int64;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int64?>(out oct_int64) && oct_int64 != null) {
                        return "%llo".printf((int64)oct_int64);
                    }
                    int? oct_int;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int?>(out oct_int) && oct_int != null) {
                        return "%o".printf((int)oct_int);
                    }
                    long? oct_long;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<long?>(out oct_long) && oct_long != null) {
                        return "%lo".printf((long)oct_long);
                    }
                    throw new ExpressionError.TYPE_MISMATCH(
                        @"format() specifier '%%o' requires an integer, got $(arg.type_name())"
                    );
                    
                case 'c': // Character
                    int char_int;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<int>(out char_int)) {
                        return spec.printf(char_int);
                    }
                    string? char_str;
                    if (arg.try_get_as<string?>(out char_str) && char_str != null && char_str.length > 0) {
                        return spec.printf(char_str[0]);
                    }
                    throw new ExpressionError.TYPE_MISMATCH(
                        "format() specifier '%%c' requires an integer or single-character string"
                    );
                    
                case 'p': // Pointer (not really useful, but supported)
                    return spec.printf((void*)null);
                    
                default:
                    throw new ExpressionError.INVALID_ARGUMENTS(
                        @"format() unsupported format specifier '%%$conv'"
                    );
            }
        }

    }

}